Summary
This thesis includes four main chapters:
Chapter one contains general introduction about nanotechnology and nanoscience. It includes also information about silver nanoparticles, methods used for synthesizing of it and most important characterization techniques. In addition to that it contains general information about two sulfa drugs (Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfacetamide sodium) which are determined by the proposed method.
Chapter two involves the literature survey about green synthesis of silver nanoparticles as well as it includes a literature review for determination of sulfamethoxazole and sulfacetamide sodium by different methods.
Chapter three includes the experimental part which consists of preparation of Allium Sativum extract and preparation of silver nanoparticles. It contains also construction of AgNPs Electrode.
Chapter four consists of two parts:
The first part is about the techniques which are used for characterization of prepared silver nanoparticles. The UV-Visible spectroscopy of synthesized AgNPs showed absorption maxima at 433 nm. The XRD examination implied that AgNPs support the equalizer with an average crystallite size of 15 nm.
The second part is applications of AgNPs, which divided into two sub-parts:
The first is evaluation of antimicrobial activity of garlic extract and prepared AgNPs. The antifungal and antibacterial activities of prepared nanoparticles and garlic extract on the growth of three microorganisms Micrococcus sp.; Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 48 hours of incubation ware investigated. The results show that AgNPs have the highest effect on P. aeruginosa, and moderate effects on both Micrococcus sp. and C. albican.
The second one is determination of sulfamethoxazole and sulfacetamide sodium using commercial silver sulfide electrode and prepared AgNPs electrode. Sulfamethoxazole and Sulfacetamide Sodium were successfully determined by commercial silver sulfide electrode and AgNPs electrode, the best results were obtained at pH 10. Calibration curves were drawn for solutions of sulfamethoxazole and sulfacetamide sodium for both electrodes in the concentration range: (1.0×10-4 – 1.0×10-2 mol L-1).
The precision of the method was investigated for three different concentrations (10-4, 10-3 and 10-2 mol L-1), the range of RSD% was between (0.190 – 3.270%) for SMX and (0.150-2.650 %) for SCS. The accuracy of the determinations as relative error was also estimated which allows between (-1.171 to 1.246%) and (-0.390 to -1.445%) for both sulfamethoxazole and sulfacetamide sodium respectively.